211) The drawing below represents a rhomboid flap sutured in place. Which of the following areas is the one of MAXIMAL closing tension? Click the picture to enlarge image.
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
E. E
212) Which of the following alloplastic materials is used MOST commonly to augment the nasal dorsum?
A. Silicone
B. Gore-Tex
C. Medpor
D. Supramid
E. Mersilene
213) Which of the following statements regarding calvarial bone grafts is TRUE?
A. The calvarium is an endochondral bone similar to the iliac crest.
B. Calvarial bone grafting is mostly used in nasal dorsal augmentation.
C. Calvarial bone grafting is also ideal for struts.
D. The calvarial bone graft is taken close to the midline to avoid bleeding.
E. The calvarial bone graft is outlined and harvested with an osteotome.
214) In revision rhinoplasty, which of the following managements is BEST in the treatment of excessive narrowing of the alar base?
A. M-Plasty
B. O-T Plasty
C. Z-Plasty
D. V-Y Plasty
E. AlloDerm grafting
215) Which one of the following will promote FASTER reepithelization during wound healing?
A. Tight skin sutures
B. Desiccation
C. Occlusive wound dressing
D. Triamcinolone acetonide ointment (0.1%)
E. Anticoagulants
216) Which of the following mineral DEFICIENCIES is clinically important in wound healing?
A. Copper
B. Iron
C. Calcium
D. Zinc
E. Manganese
217) Which of the following statements regarding the ideal, mature scar is FALSE?
A. The scar should be flat in relation to the surrounding skin.
B. The color should match the surrounding skin.
C. The scar should be narrow.
D. The scar should be parallel to the relaxed skin tension lines (RSTL).
E. The scar should be a linear or straight line.
218) Which of the following indicates MOST accurately the patient’s psychological state during the period immediately following a car accident which caused him an unfavorable facial scar?
A. Depression
B. Fear
C. Anger
D. Transitory personality disorder
E. Exaggeration of complaints or malingering
219) Which of the following statements is TRUE about the Millard operative technique in unilateral cleft lip repair?
A. It is not a flexible technique.
B. Excessive normal good tissue is discarded.
C. It provides a difficult nasal access.
D. The resulting lip scar is not well camouflaged.
E. Extensive undermining is required to avoid closure with excessive tension.
220) Which of the following describes the DEFORMITY produced when rhinoplastic osteotomies are done too high reaching the frontal bone?
A. Greenstick fracture deformity
B. Open-Roof deformity
C. Rocker deformity
D. Inverted-V deformity
E. Step deformity
ANSWERS & REFERENCES
211) B B
Toriumi D.M., Larrabee Jr. W. F.: Skin Grafts and Flaps, Chapter 4, Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Papel and Nachlas), First Edition, Saunders, p. 41, 1992
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/879923-treatment
212) B Gore-Tex
Kridel R. W.H., Kraus W. M.: Grafts and Implants in Revision Rhinoplasty, Revision Rhinoplasty, Facial Plastics Surgery Clinics of North America, Volume 3, Number 4, pp. 473-485, Nov. 1995
Farrior R. T., Farrior E. H., Cook R.: Special Rhinoplasty Techniques, chapter 37 in Cummings Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Fifth edition, Volume one, Mosby Elsevier, 2010, pp. 545-567
Kridel R. W.H., Kraus W. M.: Grafts and Implants in Revision Rhinoplasty, Revision Rhinoplasty, Facial Plastics Surgery Clinics of North America, Volume 3, Number 4, pp. 473-485, Nov. 1995
214) C Z-Plasty
Bernstein L.: Airway Problems After Rhinoplasty, Revision Rhinoplasty, Facial Plastic Surgery of North America, Volume 3, Number 4, p.454, Nov. 1995
Goslen J. B.: Physiology of wound healing and scar formation, Chapter 2 in Facial Scars, incision, revision and Camouflage, (Regan Thomas, J. Richard Holt), Mosby, p.p. 17-21, 1989
216) D Zinc
Regan Thomas J.: Scar Analysis, Chapter 11, in Facial Scars, incision, revision and Camouflage, (Regan Thomas, J. Richard Holt), Mosby, p. 103, 1989
Gates G.A.: Current Therapy in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery – 4, B.C. Decker Inc., pp.91-92, 1990
219) E Extensive undermining is required to avoid closure with excessive tension.
Sykes J. M.: Diagnosis and Treatment of Cleft Lip and Palate Deformities, Chapter 65, Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Thieme Medical Publishers, second edition (Ira Papel, editor) pp. 818-822, 2002
Capone R. B., Sykes J. M.: Evaluation and Management of Cleft Lip and Palate Disorders, Chapter 76, Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Thieme Medical Publishers, Third edition (Ira Papel, editor) pp. 1059-1078, 2009
220) C Rocker deformity
Becker D. G.: Complications of Rhinoplasty, Chapter 49, Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Thieme Medical Publishers, Third edition (Ira Papel, editor) pp. 639-648, 2009
Papel I. D.: Secondary Rhinoplasty, Chapter 46, Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Thieme Medical Publishers, Third edition (Ira Papel, editor) pp. 589-603, 2009
Surowitz J. B: Complications of Rhinoplasty, Complications in Facial Plastic Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America, Nov. 2013, 21:4, pp. 639-651
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Updated: May 1, 2017
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