Monday, August 29, 2022

1521-1530 MCQ in Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

 1521-1530

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Updated: August 29, 2022 

1521) Which of the following statements related to the Erbium:YAG laser facial rejuvenation is FALSE?

A. It is an ideal facial procedure for correction of perioral rhytides
B. It can be used as an isolated facial procedure
C. It can also be used as a combination with other facial rejuvenation techniques
C. Erbium:YAG laser produced few complications and less scarring compared to carbon dioxide.
D. Erbium: YAG laser provides a less controlled and less uniform depth of ablation compared to carbon dioxide.

1522) Which is the MOST common complication seen in a non-surgical rhinoplasty ?

A. bruising, swelling
B. Inflammatory nodules
C. Non-inflammatory nodules
D. Granulomas
E. Asymmetry

1523) Which of the following area represents the CRITICAL cornerstone on which an open dorsal approach to primary and secondary rhinoplasty should begin?

A. Anterior septal angle
B. Posterior septal angle
C. Internal nasal valve
D. External nasal valve
E. Nasal columella

1524) Which of the following complications is reduced by the use of Tissue Glues in Rhytidectomy?

A. Seroma
B. Hematoma
C. Eccymoses
D. 24-hour drainage
E. Skin Flap necrosis

1525) Which of the following statements regarding the fillers used in NON SURGICAL Rhinoplasty is FALSE?

A. The most common filler used is the Hyaluronic Acid (HA).
B.  The two most common used fillers are the Hyaluronic Acid (HA) and the Calcium Hydroxyapatite (CaHa).
C. Hyaluronic Acid (HA) last for 6-12 months.
D. Calcium Hydroxyapatite (CaHa) last for 12-18 months.
E.  Silicone filler is the less prone to irreversible complications.


1226)Which of the following PALATE group VEAU classification is the one represented in the drawing below?
 
A. Group I
B. Group II
C. Group III
D. Group IV
E. Group IVb
.
1527) Which of the following side effects is THE MOST common in the use of Hydroquinone?

A. Stinging
B. Skin irritation
C. Contact dermatitis
D. Ochronosis
E. Erithema/Redness

1528) Which of the following statements regarding "exogenous ochronosis" related to the use of Hydroquinone is FALSE?

A. It is a gray-blue discoloration of the skin in treated areas.
B. It will occur after median duration of use of 5 years.
C. It is rarely observed by using hydroquinone for 3 months.
D. It is more frequently noted when the hydroquinone concentration is greater than 4%
E. Fitzpatrick skin types types V and VI are not considered a risk factors for exogenous ochronosis

1529) Which of the following statements in vascular anatomy of the upper face is FALSE?

A. The supratrochlear, the supraorbital and dorsal nasal arteries are branches of the ophtalmic artery.
B. The dorsal nasal artery emerges  from the orbit above the medial palpebral ligament and divides into two branches.
C. The lateral nasal artery branches off the facial artery to supply the lateral nose,
D. The facial artery courses superiorly and it is known the angular artery
E. The dorsal nasal artery superiorly anastomoses directly with the lateral nasal artery.

1530) Which of the following statements to decrease a vascular complication in a non-surgical rhinoplasty is FALSE?

A. Aspirate before injection.
B. Inject slowly with small increments
C. Use minimal pressure
D. Use filler products mixed with vasodilators
E. Inject in the deep vascular plane below the level of the SMAS


ANSWERS & REFERENCES


1521) E     Erbium provides a less controlled and less uniform depth of ablation compared to carbon dioxide.

Kyle Sanniec, M.D., Paul N. Afrooz, M.D. A. Jay Burns, M.D.: Long-Term Assessment of Perioral Rhytide Correction with Erbium:YAG Laser Resurfacing, Plast Reconstr Surg.  2019; 143(1):64-74

Carniol P. J., Hamilton M.M., Harirchian S.: Ablative Laser Facial Skin Rejuvenation, chapter 20 in (Papel Ira, editor), Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery,  Fourth Edition, Thieme, 2016, pp. 235-245

1522) A      bruising, swelling

Dario Bertossi,  Giorgio Giampaoli ,  Ines Verner , Ali Pirayesh, Riccardo Nocini , Pierfrancesco Nocini: Complications and management after a nonsurgical rhinoplasty: A literature review, Dermatol Ther.  2019; 32(4):e1297

Ayad Harb, Colin T Brewster:The Nonsurgical Rhinoplasty: A Retrospective Review of 5000 Treatments,  Plastic Reconstr Surg,  2020 Mar;145(3):661-667.

1523) A     Anterior septal angle

Rohrich R.J., Dauwe P. B. , Pulikkottil B.J., Pezeshk R. A.: The importance of the Anterior Septal Angle in the Open Dorsal Approach to Rhinoplasty, Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, 2017; 139 (3):604-612

1524) B    Hematoma
 
Killion E. A., Hyman C.H., Hatef D.A., Hollier Jr. L. H., Reisman N. R.: A Systematic Examination of the Effect of the Tissue Glues on Rhytidectomy Complications, Aesthetic Surg. Journal, 2015; 35(3): 229-234

1525)  Silicone filler is the less prone to irreversible complications.

Raggio B. S., Asaria J.: Filler Rhinoplasty in StatPearls (online)

1526) D     IV

Ong A. A., Patel K.G.:  Cleft Palate, Chapter 47 in Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Clinical Reference Guide,  Desai S. C. ,editor,  Plural Publishing, 2017, pp. 481-491

1527) B     Skin irritation

Berry K., Hallock K., Lam C.: Photoaging and Topical Rejuvenation, Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics North America, Vol. 30, N0. 32, Augst 2022, pp.291-300

1528) E      Fitzpatrick skin types types V and VI are not considered a risk factors for exogenous ochronosis

Berry K., Hallock K., Lam C.: Photoaging and Topical Rejuvenation, Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics North America, Vol. 30, N0. 32, Augst 2022, pp.291-300

1419) E     The dorsal nasal artery anastomoses directly with the lateral nasal artery

Beleznay K., Carruthers J. D. A., Humphrey S., Jones D.: Avoiding and Treating Blindness from Fillers: A Review of the World Literature, Review Article, Dermatology Surg. 2015; 41(10):1097-1117

1530) D       Use filler products mixed with vasodilators

Beleznay K., Carruthers J. D. A., Humphrey S., Jones D.: Avoiding and Treating Blindness from Fillers: A Review of the World Literature, Review Article, Dermatology Surg. 2015; 41(10):1097-1117

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