81-90 MCQ in Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

81-90

81) Which of the following statements about the local flap shown below is TRUE? Click the picture to enlarge image.
A. It is a bilateral rotation-transposition flap.
B. It is also called O-T flap.
C. It is useful to close circular defects in the scalp area.
D. Using a triple flap instead of two flaps is a disadvantage for closing.
E. There is no need for undermining using this particular flap.

82) Which of the following anatomical structures is RELATED to the posterior lamella of the eyelid?

A. The grey line
B. The orbital septum
C. The tarsal plate
D. The pretarsal orbicularis oculi muscle
E. The Müller’s muscle

83) Which of the following reconstructive surgical techniques is the BEST for closure of defects encompassing 40% of the lower lip but not involving the oral commisure?

A. The Abbé technique
B. The Estlander technique
C. The Karapandzic technique
D. The Cutler Beard technique
E. Primary closure

84) The thoracodorsal artery is the primary source of BLOOD SUPPLY for the:

A. Pectoralis Major Flap
B. Trapezius Flap
C. Latissimus dorsi Flap
D. Deltopectoral Flap
E. Nape of neck

85) Which of the following measures is BEST for the treatment of a tachycardia over 130 due to epinephrine effect?

A. Midazolam
B. Verapamil
C. Propanolol
D. Carotid body massage
E. Hydralazine

86) What is the PERCENTAGE of basal cell carcinoma skin lesions involving the lower eyelid?

A. 90%
B. 70%
C. 50%
D. 20%
E. 10%

87) Which of the following statements about the paramedian forehead flap is FALSE?

A. It is a axial flap.
B. It is mostly supplied by the infratrochlear vessels.
C. It is useful for reconstruction of any or all nasal subunits.
D. It is a delayed flap requiring a minimum of two stages.
E. The single-vessel paramedian forehead flap has a pedicle of approximately 1.5 cm wide at its origin.

88) Using the CO2 laser resurfacing technique, the treated area changes from pink to a yellow chamois color. Which LEVEL of tissue penetration has the laser reached?

A. Epidermis
B. Papillary dermis
C. Upper reticular dermis
D. Deep reticular dermis
E. Subcutaneous tissue

89) The Fasanella-Servat surgical technique is MOST useful in the management of:

A. Senile ectropion
B. Cicatricial ectropion
C. Involutional entropion
D. Cicatricial entropion
E. Eyelid ptosis

90) Which of the following chemical peeling agents has the HIGHEST risk for scarring?

A. Salicylic acid 15%
D. Trichloracetic acid 35%
C. Trichloracetic acid 50%
D. Glycolic acid 70%
E. Pure phenol 88%



ANSWERS & REFERENCES


81) C     It is useful to close circular defects in the scalp area.

Larrabee W. F., Jr., Design of Local Skin Flaps, Facial Plastic Surgery, Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, Vol. 23, No. 5, pp. 912-917, 1990

Park S. S.: Local and Regional Cutaneous Flaps, Chapter 44 in Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Papel, editor), Thieme, Second Edition, pp. 535-539, 2002

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1821831-overview

82) C     The tarsal plate

Rankin B.S., Arden R.L., Crumley R.L.: Lower Eyelid Blepharoplasty chapter 18 in Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Papel, editor), Thieme, Second Edition, p. 196, 2002

Crumley R.L., Torkian B. A., Karam A. M.: Lower Eyelid Blepharoplasty, Chapter 23 in Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Thieme Medical Publishers, Third edition (Ira Papel, editor) p. 271-285, 2009

 Sand J. P., Zhu B. Z., Desai S.C.: Surgical Anatomy of the Eyelids, Functional and Cosmetic Eyelid Surgery,  Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America (Branham G. H.,editor), May 2016, pp.89-95

83) A     The Abbé technique

Hoffmann J.F., Cook T.A.: Reconstruction of Facial Defects, Chapter 26 in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Cummings, Fredrickson, Harker, Krause, Schuller, editors), Second Edition, Mosby, Vol. 1, p. 445, 1993

Cupp C. L., Larrabee, Jr.: Reconstruction of the lips, Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vol. 4. No. 1, March, pp. 46-53, 1993

Baker S. R.: Reconstruction of Facial Defects, chapter 24 in Cummings Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Fifth edition, Volume one, Mosby Elsevier, 2010, pp. 343-363

84) C     Latissimus dorsi Flap

Burkey B. B., Coleman Jr, J.R.: Microvascular Flaps, chapter 47 in Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Papel, editor), Thieme, Second Edition, pp. 576-577, 2002

Burkey B. B., Schmalbach C. E., Coleman Jr, J.R.: Microvascular Flaps, chapter 57 in Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Papel, editor), Thieme, Third Edition, pp. 765-793, 2009

85) C     Propanolol

Courtiss E.H., Kanter M. A.: The Prevention and Management of Medical Problems During Office Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vol. 85, No. 1, pp. 134-136, 1990

86) B     70%

Funk G. F., Hoffman H.T., Carter K. D.: Special Considerations in the Management of Malignant Skin Lesions about the Eye in Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, Vol. 26 No. 2, p. 221

87) B     It is mostly supplied by the infratrochlear vessels.

Mellette, Jr, J. R.: The Paramedian Forehead Flap for Nasal Reconstruction, Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America, Saunders, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 365-370, 1998

Park S. S.: Local and Regional Cutaneous Flaps, chapter 54 in Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Papel, editor), Thieme, Third Edition, pp. 721-743, 2009

Baker S. R.: Reconstruction of Facial Defects, chapter 24 in Cummings Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Fifth edition, Volume one, Mosby Elsevier, 2010, pp. 342-363

88) C     Upper reticular dermis

Price C.R., Carniol P. J., Glaser D.A.: Skin Resurfacing with the Erbium: YAG Laser, Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America, Saunders, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 291-301

89) E     Eyelid ptosis

 http://www.emedicine.com/ent/topic97.htm

Couch S. M.: Correction of Eyelid Crease Asymmetry and Ptosis, Functional and Cosmetic Eyelid Surgery,  Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America (Branham G. H.,editor), May 2016, pp.153-162

90) C     Trichloracetic acid 50%

Mandy S. H., Monheit G. D.: Dermabrasion and Chemical Peels, Chapter 25 in Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Thieme Medical Publishers, Third edition (Ira Papel, editor) pp. 301-320, 2009

Staffel J. G.: Chemical Peeling, Chapter 182A in Head and Neck Surgery-Otolaryngology,
(Bailey, B. J., Johnson J. T., Newlands S.D., editors) , 4th Edition, pp. 2717-2723, 2006

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/842768-overview

---------------------------------------
 Updated:  May 1, 2017